The researcher must then formulate a question they can disprove while coming to their conclusion that the new medication lowers systolic blood pressure. They can only try to disprove a specific hypothesis. The hypothesis can be then stated, "Taking the new medication will lower systolic blood pressure by at least 10 mmHg compared to not taking the medication." In science, researchers can never prove any statement as there are infinite alternatives as to why the outcome may have occurred. The researcher hypothesizes that the new medication lowers systolic blood pressure by at least 10 mmHg compared to not taking the new medication. We will use the example of a new medication to lower blood pressure. When creating a study, the researcher has to start with a hypothesis that is, they must have some idea of what they think the outcome may be. If we break apart a study design, we can better understand statistical significance. In research, statistical significance is a measure of the probability of the null hypothesis being true compared to the acceptable level of uncertainty regarding the true answer.
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